Hi W,
This time of the year is when yachts are sailing between Europe and the Caribbean and since they go the same route there has been a rally organized which is very popular;
http://www.worldcruising.com/arc/english.htm
It is not a need to have your sailing route reported, but if you are without communication like satcom or SSB, it is a good idea to have somebody knowing your planned route and time of arrival. Even if the boat normally can take more than the crew, you might have a problem leaving you drifting and when your supply of food and water is running out, it is good to have somebody missing you...
For emergency there is a transmitter called EPIRB you should have on long crossings, sending to satellites and giving your position.
All of this you will learn as soon as you start looking more serious into purchasing your boat and it is also good talking to experienced sailors in the ports.