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| Originally Posted by yachtluver can anyone help me with the above question or i have to do my own research  ? |
Yeah, sorry about that yachtluver. Sometimes we just get tired of answering questions for certain individuals.
You are correct that one of the most popular materials for lines is nylon. I honestly don't know if that's what the big ships use, but I would assume as much. The two main variations are three-strand nylon and braided nylon lines. Three-strand generally will stretch more and isn't quite as strong as the braided, which tends to stretch less than three strand. Three-strand is cheaper, however, and is often used for anchor line on smaller boats because it stretches more, and can be easily spliced.
Some other materials are polypropylene (normally yellow), which serves its purpose, although you wouldn't want to use it to tie up your yacht. This kind of line floats. Dacron line will not stretch, but I don't know much about its other properties. Then there's the good ol' natural fiber, which I suspect is what the large 7-8" lines you mentioned were made of. This is not as strong as nylon and will rot much more easily.
Hope this answers your questions. I was, of course, kidding about getting tired of answering your questions.
Time for bed now, have a good night!